infusion
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GC: n

S: PIEHL – https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40138-021-00237-6 (last access: 18 January 2024); NIH – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430836/ (last access: 17 January 2024). 

N: 1. 1400, “a liquid extract (obtained by soaking in water)”; early 15c., “a pouring in; that which is poured in,” from Old French infusion “injection” (13c.) or directly from Latin infusionem (nominative infusio) “a pouring in, a watering,” noun of action from past participle stem of infundere “to pour into”.

2. Any liquid substance (other than blood) introduced into the body for  therapeutic purposes.

3. Although infusion often is used as intravenous or IV infusion, this procedure also refers to: 

  • Continuous infusion: controlled method of intravenous administration of drugs, fluids, or nutrients given without interruption, instead of by bolus. 
  • Continouous hepatic artery infusion: use of an infusion pump to provide a continouous supply of chemotherapeutic agents to the hepatic artery to control metastases from cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Intraosseous infusion: a method of obtaining immediate access to the circulation by inserting a needle through the skin subcutaneous tissues, and periosteum into the marrow cavity of a long bone, usually the proximal tibia.
  • Lipid infusion: hyperalimentation with a fat-containing solution administered intravenously.
  • Neuraxial infusion: an invasive approach to the relief of unremitting pain in which analgesic drugs are injected directly into the spinal fluid.
  • Subcutaneous infusion: the infusion of solutions into the subcutaneous space.

4. Infusion is a polysemic word that can be found in the Cambridge Dictionary with several definitions:

  1. The act of adding one things to another to make it stronger or better.
  2. A drink made by leaving tea leaves or herbs in hot water.
  3. An inward flow that helps to fill something.
  4. The act of providing more money or resources to make something stronger and work better.

Besides the definition that is given in this file, “infusion” can also be found in Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health with other two meanings:

  1. The process of steeping a substance in water, either cold or hot (below the boiling point), to extract its soluble principles.
  2. Any liquid substance (other than blood) introduced into the body for  therapeutic purposes.
  3. A medicinal preparation obtained by steeping the crude drug in water.

5. Beverages and Chemical Engineering: infusion.

Injections, Tubing and Transfusions (Medicine): drip, infusion, perfusion.

. The slow, drop by drop infusion of a liquid.

. The most straightforward means of administering a drug into the systemic circulation is by intravenously injecting it as a bolus. With this route, the full amount of a drug is delivered to the systemic circulation almost immediately. The same dose may also be administered as an intravenous infusion over a longer time, resulting in a decrease in the peak plasma concentration as well as increasing the time the drug is present in the circulation.

6. Cultural Interrelation: We can mention Intravenous Therapy Administration: a practical guide (2017) by Nicola Brooks.

S: 1. OED – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=infusion (last access: 15 January 2024); 2&3. TFD – https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infusion (last access: 17 January 2024). 4. CD – https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-spanish/infusion (last access: 17 January 2024); TFD – https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infusion (last access: 17 January 2024). 5. TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=INFUSION&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 18 January 2024). 6. GB –https://www.google.es/books/edition/Intravenous_Therapy_Administration_a_pra/HH8tDwAAQBAJ?hl=es&gbpv=0 (last access: 15 January 2024).

SYN: drip, perfusion. (depending on context)

S: TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=INFUSION&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 18 January 2024)

CR: antibiotic, artery, drug product, health, medicine, therapy, vein.