GC: n

S: WOL – https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/acr.20396 (last access: 26 November 2020); ScDir – https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1063458409002076 (last access: 26 November 2020)

N: 1. It comes from the Modern Latin word hallux (1831, corruption of Late Latin allex “great toe,” which is of unknown origin) and from the Latin word valgus (“bandy-legged, bow-legged, having the legs bent outward”; it is said to be probably related to Sanskrit valgati that means “to move up and down and from the Old English wealcan which means “to roll, move to and from”).
2.  A lateral deviation of the big toe often with an associated varus of the first metatarsal bone.
3. The cause of hallux valgus is not well understood. There is some evidence that the condition is an autosomal dominant trait with partial penetrance, since ∼90% of people with hallux valgus report a positive family history. Other contributing factors include wearing shoes with an elevated heel and narrow toe box, structural factors such as excessively long first metatarsals, round metatarsal heads, and large intermetatarsal angle, and pronated foot posture.
4. In women, hallux valgus was associated with lower BMI and high heel use during ages 20–64, while in men, associations were observed with higher BMI and pes planus. Our results suggest that the etiologic mechanisms for hallux valgus may differ between men and women.

S: 1. OED – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=hallux+; https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=VALGUS (last access: 28 November 2020). 2. TERMIUM PLUS – https://rb.gy/t93utt (last access: 28 November 2020). 3. WOL – https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/acr.20396 (last access: 26 November 2020). 4. ScDir – https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1063458409002076 (last access: 26 November 2020).

SYN: bunion, hallux abduco valgus, hallux abducovalgus.

S: GDT – http://gdt.oqlf.gouv.qc.ca/ficheOqlf.aspx?Id_Fiche=8353531#eng (last access: 28 November 2020)

CR: osteoarthritis