GC: n
S: NHS – https://www.healthcareers.nhs.uk/explore-roles/doctors/roles-doctors/medicine/gastroenterology (last access: 28 March 2025); NM – https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Gastroenterology.aspx (last access: 28 March 2025).
N: 1. gastro-enterology (n,), also gastroenterology, 1904, from gastro- + enterology, from Greek enteron “an intestine, piece of gut” (see enteric). Related: Gastroenterologist.
2. gastroenteroloy [gastro- + entero- + -logy], the study of the stomach and intestines and the nature and treatment of their diseases.
gastroenterologist, a specialist in gastroenterology.
3. gastroenterology, medical specialty concerned with the digestive system and its diseases. Gastroenterologists diagnose and treat the diseases and disorders of the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Among the most common disorders they must deal with are gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastric and duodenal ulcers, malignant tumours, inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, and rectal disorders.
The first scientific studies of the digestive system were performed by Jan Baptist van Helmont in the 17th century. In 1833 the publication of William Beaumont’s observations shed new light on the nature of gastric juice and the digestive process in general.
A major advance in treatment in the 19th century was the use of gastric lavage (washing out of the stomach) to treat stomach poisoning; this became a standard treatment for all forms of gastric irritation, and the long tube used to introduce the lavage fluid was also adapted to view the stomach for diagnostic use. A tube that could be inserted down the esophagus and upon which a light was mounted to illuminate the area visualized was invented in about 1889; this rigid instrument was soon replaced by the semiflexible gastroscope, developed by Rudolf Schindler in 1932, and then by the flexible fibre-optic gastroscope, developed by Basil Hirschowitz in 1957. In the 1890s Walter Cannon used X rays to visualize the stomach and digestive organs, and he also used bismuth salts to coat the gastrointestinal lining and thus make digestive movements visible by fluoroscopy.
4. Digestive Tract: gastroenterology.
- The branch of medicine dealing with the physiology and pathology of the stomach, small and large intestines, esophagus, pancreas, liver, and biliary tract.
S: 1. Etymonline – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=gastroenterology (last access: 28 March 2025). 2. DORLAND p. 764 (last access: 28 March 2025). 3. EncBrit – https://www.britannica.com/science/gastroenterology (last access: 28 March 2025). 4. TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=gastroenterology&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 28 March 2025).
OV: gastro-enterology
S: Etymonline – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=gastroenterology (last access: 28 March 2025)
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CR: Crohn’s disease, endoscopy, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis.
