GC: n
S: CDC – https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/heatrelillness.html (last access: 5 March 2023); NHS – https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heat-exhaustion-heatstroke/ (last access: 5 March 2023).
N: 1. – heat (n): Old English hætu, hæto “heat, warmth, quality of being hot; fervor, ardor,” from Proto-Germanic *haita- “heat”.
– stroke (n): “act of striking,” c. 1300, probably from Old English *strac “stroke,” from Proto-Germanic *straik- (source also of Middle Low German strek, German streich, Gothic striks “stroke”); see stroke (v.).
The meaning “mark of a pen” is from 1560s; that of “a striking of a clock” is from mid-15c. Sense of “feat, achievement” (as in stroke of luck, 1853) first found 1670s; the meaning “single pull of an oar or single movement of machinery” is from 1731. Meaning “apoplectic seizure” is from 1590s (originally the Stroke of God’s Hand). Swimming sense is from 1800.
2. heatstroke, condition caused by continuous exposure to high temperature and humidity for several hours. The term sunstroke refers to the same disorder when exposure to direct sunlight is the main cause of the condition. The primary feature of heatstroke is an extreme and uncontrolled elevation of body temperature (106 to 110 °F [41 to 43 °C], or even higher), which can harm the central nervous system.
Heat is usually eliminated from the body by radiation and convection from the skin and lungs and by evaporation of sweat. As surroundings become hotter, all methods of heat elimination become ineffective except the evaporation of sweat. If the body’s ability to sweat also becomes impaired, heatstroke results.
3. In the early stages of heatstroke the victim may experience dizziness, headache, nausea, weakness, restlessness, or mental confusion and has a rapid pulse and hot, dry, flushed skin. Collapse, coma, a weak pulse, and a more dusky skin will follow if prompt treatment by cooling is not instituted. Ice-water baths or packs, with massage to promote circulation, are effective. Cooling should be stopped when the victim’s temperature reaches 102 °F (39 °C) but should be reinstituted if their temperature rises again. Professional medical care should be sought to manage the effects of possible circulatory disorders and brain damage.
4. Heatstroke, classified as exertional or nonexertional, is a syndrome due to acute disruption of thermoregulatory mechanisms manifested by central nervous system depression, hypohidrosis, core temperatures [greater than or equal] 41°C, and severe physiologic and biochemical abnormalities.
S: 1. OED – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=heat+stroke (last access: 5 March 2023). 2&3. EncBrit – https://www.britannica.com/science/heatstroke (last access: 5 March 2023). 4. TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=heat+stroke&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 5 March 2023).
OV: heatstroke
S: EncBrit – https://www.britannica.com/science/heatstroke (last access: 5 March 2023); TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=heat+stroke&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 5 March 2023).
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