turpentine
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GC: n

S: NCBI – https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Turpentine_-Oil (last access: 15 February 2025); ECSA – https://ecsa-chemicals.ch/en/turpentine/ (last access: 15 February 2025).

N: 1. early 14c., terbentyn, terebentine, “semi-liquid resin of the terebinth tree,” from Old French terebinte “turpentine” (13c.), from Latin terebintha resina “resin of the terebinth tree,” from Greek rhētinē terebinthē, from fem. of terebinthos (see terebinth).

By 16c. the word was applied generally to oleoresinous substances generated by the wood or bark of coniferous trees. Related: Turpentinic; turpentinous.

2. Chemistry > Organic Chemistry: turpentine.

  • An essential oil belonging to the terpene family of hydrocarbons (C10H16). Two varieties are common: one is obtained by distilling the sticky exudation found on the bark of pine trees (so-called gum turpentine); the other is derived by extraction from the stumps of pine trees with an organic solvent (so-called wood turpentine).
  • It is a light, mobile optically active liquid having a strong and unmistakable odor; its major uses are as a paint thinner and solvent for resins, waxes, and other organic materials. It iginites quite easily and is poisonous if taken internally. Venice turpentine is an oily resinous material obtained from a European larch tree.

3. Chemistry; Paints and Varnishes (Industries): turpentine, oil turpentine, spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine, turpentine oil, gum spirits, gum turpentine, spirits of turpentine, turpentine spirits, pine oil.

  • A volatile liquid produced by the distillation of the exudation from certain coniferous trees.

4. Chemical Elements and Compounds: turpentine, gum turpentine.

  • CAS Number: 8006-64-2.
  • The oleoresin or pitch obtained from living pine trees. Sticky, viscous balsamic liquid … strong piny odor; soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform and glacial acetic acid. Combustible.

5. Cultural Interrelation: We can mention the movie Shane (1953) directed by George Stevens (1904-1975).

  • – Don’t talk about Ryker any more now. – I wish we could forget him.
    – This turpentine’ll hurt. – He wouldn’t say nothing. No matter how much it hurt. Would you, Shane? I’m afraid I would, Joey, if it hurt bad enough.
    – It stings like anything. – Joey, go on to bed. It does smart, I know.
    – Ouch! – Gosh!

S: 1. Etymonline – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=turpentine (last access: 15 February 2025). 2. GDT – https://vitrinelinguistique.oqlf.gouv.qc.ca/fiche-gdt/fiche/8369874/terebenthine (last access: 15 February 2025). 3 & 4. TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=turpentine&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 15 February 2025). 5. IMDb – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046303/ (last access: 15 February 2025); Scriptorama – http://www.script-o-rama.com/movie_scripts/s/shane-script-transcript-alan-ladd.html (last access: 15 February 2025).

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CR: thymol, witch hazel.