GC: n

S: EC – https://education.ec.europa.eu/education-levels/higher-education/inclusive-and-connected-higher-education/european-credit-transfer-and-accumulation-system (last access: 11 March 2023); UEA – https://www.uea.ac.uk/study/study-abroad-and-exchange/erasmus-programme/ects (last access: 11 March 2023).

N: 1. More usual as ECTS (abbreviation for European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System).

2. The European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) is a tool of the European Higher Education Area for making studies and courses more transparent. It helps students to move between countries and to have their academic qualifications and study periods abroad recognised.

3. Differences between national higher education systems can lead to problems concerning the recognition of qualifications and mobility periods abroad. This issue is addressed in part by enhancing the comprehension of the learning outcomes and workload of programmes of study.

ECTS also makes it possible to blend different learning styles, such as university and work-based learning, within the same programme of study or through lifelong learning.

4. ECTS is based on the principle that 60 higher education academic credits measure the workload of a full-time university student during a single academic year. The expectation is that the workload of a full-time university study programme in Europe equates, in most instances, to approximately 1500-1800 hours per year and in such cases one ECTS credit represents approximately 25-30 working hours.

S: 1 to 3. EC – https://education.ec.europa.eu/education-levels/higher-education/inclusive-and-connected-higher-education/european-credit-transfer-and-accumulation-system (last access: 11 March 2023). 4. UEA – https://www.uea.ac.uk/study/study-abroad-and-exchange/erasmus-programme/ects (last access: 11 March 2023).

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CR: education