cortisone
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GC: n

S: SDir – https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/cortisone (last access: 20 November 2023); NCBI – https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cortisone (last access: 20 November 2023).

N: 1. “steroid hormone found in the adrenal cortex,” manufactured synthetically as an anti-inflammatory, 1949, coined by its discoverer, Dr. Edward C. Kendall, from a shortening of its chemical name, 17-hydroxy-11 dehydrocorticosterone, which is ultimately from Latin corticis (genitive of cortex; see “cortical”) and so called because it was obtained from the “external covering” of adrenal glands. Originally called Compound E (1936).

2. a hormone (= a chemical made by living cells) that is also made synthetically (= using artificial processes or materials) and used as a drug, especially for treating painful conditions of the joints (= the knees, shoulders, etc.) and skin problems:

Cortisone is an anti-inflammatory drug known to suppress the immune system.
A doctor may inject cortisone to reduce inflammation.
I have had cortisone injections and physiotherapy for my shoulder.
Many skin conditions can be treated with cortisone cream.
3. A natural glucocorticoid that is metabolically convertible to cortisol.
4. The human adrenal cortex secretes only minute amounts of cortisone; most of the cortisone found in peripheral plasma is formed from cortisol by a reversible reaction. The synthetic hormone exerts its pharmaceutical effects through its metabolic conversion to cortisol.

S: 1. OED – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=cortisone (last access: 20 November 2023). 2. CD – https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/cortisone (last access: 20 November 2023). 3&4. TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=cortisone&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 20 November 2023).

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CR: corticosteroid, cortisol, steroid.