GC: n
S: NIH – https://ocreco.od.nih.gov/courses/principles-clinical-pharmacology.html (last access: 19 January 2025); SDir – https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/clinical-pharmacology (last access: 19 January 2025).
N: 1. – clinical (adj): 1780, “pertaining to hospital patients or hospital care,” from “clinic” + “-al” (2). Meaning “coldly dispassionate” (like a medical report) is recorded from 1928. The earlier adjective was clinic “of or pertaining to the sick-bed” (1620s). Related: Clinically.
– pharmacology (n): “the sum of scientific knowledge concerning drugs,” 1721, formed in Modern Latin (1680s) from “pharmaco-” (see pharmacy) + “-logy”. It includes pharmacy (the art of preparing drugs) and also pharmacodynamics (what is known concerning their action). Related: Pharmacological.
2. The discipline of clinical pharmacology deals with the study of medications in humans and their effective, safe and economic use in patients. It bridges the gap between science and the practice of medicine through innovative research, development and regulation of medications. Since 1986, the Division of Clinical Pharmacology in the Department of Medicine at Indiana University School of Medicine remains at the forefront of advancing the science of clinical pharmacology, translational medicine and therapeutics for the benefit of patients.
3. Clinical pharmacology encompasses all aspects of the relationship between drugs and humans. It is the only medical specialty in the NHS focusing on the safe, effective and economic use of medicines. It is a diverse discipline that both sustains and advances best healthcare.
4. Clinical pharmacy is a relatively new professional discipline, being only about 15 years old. This new breed of pharmacists is patient rather than drug product oriented. The discipline arose out of dissatisfaction with old practice norms and the pressing need for a health professional with a comprehensive knowledge of the therapeutic use of drugs. The clinical pharmacy movement began at the University of Michigan in the early 1960s, but much of the pioneering work was done by David Burkholder, Paul Parker, and Charles Walton at the University of Kentucky in the latter part of the 1960s. Clinical pharmacology is a professional discipline that combines basic pharmacology and clinical medicine. Its development began in the early 1950s, primarily as a result of the efforts of Harry Gold. It has had a slower growth than clinical pharmacy but it has made many important contributions to our knowledge of human pharmacology and the rational use of drugs.
S: 1. Etymonline – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=clinical+pharmacology (last access: 19 January 2025). 2. IUMed – https://medicine.iu.edu/internal-medicine/specialties/clinical-pharmacology (last access: 19 January 2025). 3. BPS – https://www.bps.ac.uk/about/about-pharmacology/what-is-clinical-pharmacology (last access: 19 January 2025). 4. NCBI – https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7016931/ (last access: 19 January 2025).
SYN:
S:
CR: clinical pharmacy, drug substance, human pharmacology, maximum tolerated dose, pharmacology, randomization, side effect.
