GC: n

S: EC – https://oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu/ocean/blue-economy_en (last access: 15 December 2024); UN – https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/publications/2446blueeconomy.pdf (last access: 15 December 2024).

N: 1. – blue (adj): of the color of the clear sky,” c. 1300, bleu, blwe, etc., “sky-colored,” also “livid, lead-colored,” from Old French blo, bleu “pale, pallid, wan, light-colored; blond; discolored; blue, blue-gray,” from Frankish *blao or some other Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *blæwaz (source also of Old English blaw, Old Saxon and Old High German blao, Danish blaa, Swedish blå, Old Frisian blau, Middle Dutch bla, Dutch blauw, German blau “blue”).

This is from PIE *bhle-was “light-colored, blue, blond, yellow,” from root *bhel- (1) “to shine, flash, burn,” also “shining white” and forming words for bright colors. The same PIE root yielded Latin flavus “yellow,” Old Spanish blavo “yellowish-gray,” Greek phalos “white,” Welsh blawr “gray,” showing the slipperiness of definition in Indo-European color-words. Many Indo-European languages seem to have had a word to describe the color of the sea, encompassing blue and green and gray; such as Irish glass (from PIE root *ghel- (2) “to shine,”); Old English hæwen “blue, gray,” related to har (see hoar); Serbo-Croatian sinji “gray-blue, sea-green;” Lithuanian šyvas, Russian sivyj “gray.”

– economy (n): 1530s, “household management,” from Latin oeconomia (source of French économie, Spanish economia, German Ökonomie, etc.), from Greek oikonomia “household management, thrift,” from oikonomos “manager, steward,” from oikos “house, abode, dwelling” (cognate with Latin vicus “district,” vicinus “near;” Old English wic “dwelling, village;” see villa) + nomos “managing,” from nemein “manage” (see numismatic). Meaning “frugality, judicious use of resources” is from 1660s. The sense of “wealth and resources of a country” (short for political economy) is from 1650s.

2. Blue Economy is a marine based economy that strengthens the economic backbone of the country by rational utilization of marine resources. It is an integration of the resource base of oceans, seas, bays and estuaries associated with societal development and environmental sustainability, coupled with innovative business models. The major sectors of blue economy are (i) marine living resources, (ii) marine non-living resources (like deep sea minerals, oil and natural gas), (iii) renewable natural forces encompassing wind, wave and tidal energy, (iv) shipping, (v) marine and coastal biodiversity, (vi) marine tourism etc.

3. Blue Economy Definitions:

• According to the World Bank, the blue economy is the “sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and jobs while preserving the health of ocean
  ecosystem.”
• European Commission defines it as “All economic activities related to oceans, seas and coasts. It covers a wide range of interlinked established and emerging sectors.”
• The Commonwealth of Nations considers it “an emerging concept which encourages better stewardship of our ocean or ‘blue’ resources.”
• Conservation International adds that “blue economy also includes economic benefits that may not be marketed, such as carbon storage, coastal protection, cultural values and biodiversity.”
• The Center for the Blue Economy says “it is now a widely used term around the world with three related but distinct meanings- the overall contribution of the oceans to economies, the need to address the environmental and ecological sustainability of the oceans, and the ocean economy as a growth opportunity for both developed and developing countries.”
• A United Nations representative recently defined the Blue Economy as an economy that “comprises a range of economic sectors and related policies that together determine whether the use of ocean resources is sustainable. An important challenge of the blue economy is to understand and better manage the many aspects of oceanic sustainability, ranging from¡ sustainable fisheries to ecosystem health to preventing pollution. Secondly, the blue economy challenges us to realize that the sustainable management of ocean resources will require collaboration across borders and sectors through a variety of partnerships, and on a scale that has not been previously achieved. This is a tall order, particularly for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and Least Developed Countries (LDCs) who face significant limitations.”

4. Environmental Economics; Hydrology and Hydrography: blue economy.

S: 1. Etymonline – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=blue+economy (last access: 15 December 2024). 2. RESG – https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363049531_Blue_Economy_An_Overview (last access: 15 December 2024). 3. UN – https://www.un.org/regularprocess/sites/www.un.org.regularprocess/files/rok_part_2.pdf (last access: 15 December 2024). 4. TERMIUM PLUS (last access: 15 December 2024).

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CR:  circular economy, environment, green economy, sustainable development.