GC: n

S: https://www.google.com/patents/US748019 (last access: 9 February 2016); https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1338&dat=18990921&id=jbZXAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3_MDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4108,6797782&hl=es (last access: 9 February 2016).

N: 1. A brown to black solid or semi-solid bituminous substance occurring in nature, but also obtained as the residue from the refining of certain petroleums and then known as artificial asphalt.
2. In America the term (asphalt) is used both for the naturally occurring product and that obtained from the distillation of petroleum. Elsewhere the artificial asphalt is usually called bitumen.
3. In the fields of Footware and Shoe Repair, betún should be translated by “shoe polish” (An upper dressing, liquid, applied to an upper by various methods such as sponge or spray).
4. Cultural Interrelation: Charles Dickens and the boot-blacking factory.

S: 1 & 2. TERMIUM PLUS (last access: 30 March 2014). 3. GDT (last access: 30 March 2014); TERMIUM PLUS (last access: 30 March 2014); FCB. 4. http://www.theguardian.com/books/2003/nov/01/charlesdickens (last access: 2 April 2015).

SYN:
S:

CR: asphalt, bitumen, bituminous coal, coal, coke, concrete, natural gas, petroleum, pitch, tar.