GC: n
S: MAYO – https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/papaverine-oral-route/description/drg-20065323 (last access: 3 December 2024); NIH – https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Papaverine (last access: 3 December 2024).
N: 1. International Scientific Vocabulary, from Latin papaver poppy. The first known use of papaverine was in 1848.
2. A crystalline alkaloid C20H21NO4 found in opium or made synthetically that is used usually in the form of its hydrochloride chiefly as an antispasmodic for its ability to relax smooth muscle.
3. The opiates are unrivalled in their ability to relieve pain. Opium is the dried milky exudate obtained from the unripe seed pods of the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum), which grows naturally throughout most of Turkey. Of the 20 or more alkaloids found in opium, only a few are pharmacologically active. The important constituents of opium are morphine (10 percent), papaverine (1 percent), codeine (0.5 percent), and thebaine (0.2 percent). (Papaverine is pharmacologically distinct from the narcotic agents and is essentially devoid of effects on the central nervous system.)
4. Medication: papaverine.
- Universal entry(ies): C20H21NO4.
- A white, crystalline alkaloid, C20H21NO4, derived from opium and used in medicine to relax muscles in spasms and as a local anesthetic.
- Chemical formula: C20H21NO.
S: 1 & 2. MW – https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/papaverine (last access: 3 December 2024). 2. (last access: 3 December 2024). 3. EncBrit – https://www.britannica.com/science/papaverine (last access: 3 December 2024). 4. TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=PAPAVERINE&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 3 December 2024).
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