GC: n

S: JSTOR – https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1413003.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A97e2edee6a1941f7a7fb266943142f1a&ab_segments=&origin=&initiator=&acceptTC=1 (last access: 16 December 2023); Whipple – https://ia800708.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/28/items/crossref-pre-1923-scholarly-works/10.1037%252Fh0069483.zip&file=10.1037%252Fh0070121.pdf (last access: 16 December 2023).

N: 1. c. 1400, “proof or demonstration of some fact, evidence, piece of evidence;” early 15c., “legal testimony, sworn statement of a witness,” from Old North French testimonie (Old French testimoine 11c.), from Latin testimônium “evidence, proof, witness, attestation,” from testis “a witness, one who attests” + -monium, suffix signifying action, state, condition. Despite the common modern assertion, the sense of the word is unlikely to have anything to do with testicles.

Earliest attested sense in English is “the Ten Commandments” (late 14c.), from Vulgate use of Late Latin testimônium, along with Greek to martyrion (Septuagint), translations of Hebrew ‘eduth “attestation, testimony” (of the Decalogue), from ‘ed “witness.”

2. Verbal reproduction of a complex of memorial ideas which references to a particular experience or event in the past.

3. The psychology of testimony is concerned with determining what factors affect the quality of courtroom testimony based on eyewitness observation. Some of this factors can be independent variables: sex of witness, immediacy of testimony (immediate, delayed), mode of testimony (oral, written), and form of testimony (structured, in response to questions; unstructured, without questions); or can be dependent variables: accuracy, quantity, confidence, and self-rated quality of testimony.

4. Collocations:

• Adj.: reliable | false | oral, sworn, verbal, written | eyewitness, personal | expert | court, trial.
• Verb + testimony: give | hear.
• : by your ~He had by his own testimony taken part in the burglary. | in ~ In testimony before the Crown Court, she described her movements on the day of the murder. | ~ about The witness was called to give oral testimony about the incident outside the theatre. | ~ against The court heard her testimony against the accused. | ~ before.

5. Cultural interrelation: We can mention the book The Psychology of Eyewitness Testimony (1979) by A. Daniel Yarmey.

S: 1. Etymonline – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=testimony (last access: 16 December 2023). 2. JSTOR – https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1413003.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A97e2edee6a1941f7a7fb266943142f1a&ab_segments=&origin=&initiator=&acceptTC=1 (last access: 16 December 2023); Lipton – https://scholarworks.csun.edu/bitstream/handle/10211.2/5246/LiptonJack1975.pdf?sequence=1 (last access: 16 December 2023). 3. Lipton – https://scholarworks.csun.edu/bitstream/handle/10211.2/5246/LiptonJack1975.pdf?sequence=1 (last access: 16 December 2023). 4. OCD – https://www.freecollocation.com/search?word=testimony (last access: 16 December 2023). 5. Amazon – https://www.amazon.com/Psychology-Eyewitness-Testimony-Daniel-Yarmey/dp/0029358604 (last access: 16 December 2023).

SYN:
S:

CR: crime, intent, prevarication, reckless disregard.