GC: n

S: NHS – https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hernia/ (last access: 11 October 2022); MEDLP – https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000960.htm (last access: 11 October 2022).

N: 1. late 14c., hirnia, from Latin hernia “a rupture,” related to hira “intestine,” from PIE root *ghere- “gut, entrail.” The re-Latinized spelling of the English word is from 17c. Related: Herniated (1819).

2. A bulge or protrusion of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening.

3. hernia, protrusion of an organ or tissue from its normal cavity. The protrusion may extend outside the body or between cavities within the body, as when loops of intestine escape from the abdominal cavity into the chest through a defect in the diaphragm, the muscular partition between the two cavities. The term is usually applied, however, to an external herniation of tissue through the abdominal wall.

4. An abdominal hernia, or rupture, may occur at any weak point in the abdominal wall. The common sites are the groin (inguinal), the upper part of the thigh (femoral), and the navel (umbilical). In inguinal hernia, the protruding tissue descends along the canal that holds the spermatic cord in the male and the round ligament in the female. If such a hernia occurs bilaterally, it is called a double hernia. A femoral hernia lies on the inner side of the large femoral blood vessels of the thigh. An umbilical hernia protrudes through the navel.

S: 1. OED – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=hernia (last access: 11 October 2022). 2. TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=hernia&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 11 October 2022). 3&4. EncBrit – https://www.britannica.com/science/hernia (last access: 11 October 2022).

SYN:
S:

CR: protrusion