GC: n
S: NMN – http://www.news-medical.net/health/Ophthalmology.aspx (last access: 18 November 2016); PUBLIC HEALTH – http://www.publichealthjrnl.com/article/S0033-3506(14)00272-8/fulltext (last access: 18 November 2016).
N: 1. Ophthalmo- (before vowels ophthalm-, word-forming element meaning “eye,” mostly in plural, “the eyes,” from Greek ophthalmo-, combined form of ophthalmos “eye,” originally “the seeing,” of uncertain origin. Perhaps from ops “eye” + a form related to thalamos “inner room, chamber”, giving the whole a sense of “eye and eye socket”) + -logy (word-forming element meaning “a speaking, discourse, treatise, doctrine, theory, science,” from Greek -logia, from root of legein “to speak;” thus, “the character or deportment of one who speaks or treats of a certain subject”. Often via Medieval Latin -logia, French -logie).
2. Ophthalmology is the specialized field of medicine that focuses on the health of the eye. It includes the anatomy, physiology and diseases that may affect the eye.
3. Pain in the eye can be an important symptom of a health problem. Make sure you tell your health care provider if you have eye pain that does not go away. Tired eyes or some eye discomfort (eyestrain) is most often a minor problem and it will often go away with rest. These problems may be caused by the wrong eyeglass or contact lens prescription. Sometimes they are due to a problem with the eye muscles. Many things can cause pain in or around the eye. If the pain is severe, does not go away, or causes vision loss, seek medical attention immediately.
4. Your eyes can get infections from bacteria, fungi, or viruses. Eye infections can occur in different parts of the eye and can affect just one eye or both. Two common eye infections are conjunctivitis and stye. Symptoms of eye infections may include redness, itching, swelling, discharge, pain, or problems with vision. Treatment depends on the cause of the infection and may include compresses, eye drops, creams, or antibiotics.
5. Some eye problems are minor and don’t last long. But some can lead to a permanent loss of vision. Common eye problems include: refractive errors, cataracts (clouded lenses), glaucoma (a disorder caused by damage to the optic nerve), retinal disorders (problems with the nerve layer at the back of the eye), macular degeneration (a disease that destroys sharp, central vision), diabetic eye problems, conjunctivitis (an infection also known as pinkeye)…
Your best defense is to have regular checkups, because eye diseases do not always have symptoms. Early detection and treatment could prevent vision loss.
S: 1. OED – http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=ophthalmo-&allowed_in_frame=0 – http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=-logy&allowed_in_frame=0 (last access: 18 November 2016). 2. NMN – http://www.news-medical.net/health/Ophthalmology.aspx (last access: 18 November 2016). 3 to 5. MEDLP – https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003032.htm – https://medlineplus.gov/eyeinfections.html – https://medlineplus.gov/eyediseases.html (last access: 18 November 2016).
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CR: amaurosis, amblyopia, blindness, diplopia, glaucoma, nyctalopia, quadrantanopia, stye, trachoma, xerophthalmia.
