GC:
S: WOAH – https://www.woah.org/en/disease/classical-swine-fever/ (last access: 19 October 2024); CDC – https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/24/4/17-1319_article (last access: 19 October 2024).
N: 1. – classical (adj): 1590s, “of the highest rank” (originally in literature), from “classic” + “-al” (1). Classical music (1836) was defined originally against romantic music.
– swine (n): Old English swin “domestic pig, hog, sow; wild boar” (commonly used in a plural sense, of such animals collectively), from Proto-Germanic *sweina- (source also of Old Saxon, Old Frisian Middle Low German, Old High German swin, Middle Dutch swijn, Dutch zwijn, German Schwein, Old Norse, Swedish, Danish svin), neuter adjective (with suffix *-ino-). This is from PIE *su- “pig” (see sow (n.)).
– fever (n): earlier also feaver, late Old English fefor, fefer “fever, temperature of the body higher than normal,” from Latin febris “fever,” related to fovere “to warm, heat,” which is probably from PIE root *dhegh– “burn” (source also of Gothic dags, Old English dæg “day,” originally “the heat;” Greek tephra “ashes;” Lithuanian dāgas “heat,” Old Prussian dagis “summer;” Middle Irish daig “fire”); but some suggest a reduplication of a root represented by Sanskrit *bhur– “to be restless.”
2. hog cholera. Also known as: classical swine fever, swine fever.
- hog cholera, serious and often fatal viral disease of swine. Characterized by high fever and exhaustion, the disease is transmitted from infected pigs via numerous carrier agents, including vehicles in which pigs are conveyed from place to place, dealers who journey from farm to farm, and farm attendants. The virus may be present in garbage used for swine feed but is destroyed by cooking.
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Four days to three weeks after exposure, the disease begins with fever. Subsequent signs vary somewhat: loss of appetite, general depression and withdrawal from other animals, reddened and draining eyes, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, and coughing and difficulty in respiration. In many cases a skin rash develops; the mucous membrane of the mouth and throat may become inflamed and ulcerative. The animal lies about, moving reluctantly, sometimes with a staggering gait and an arched back; later it is unable to rise and becomes comatose.
Administration of anti-hog-cholera serum in early stages of the disease may be effective, although recovery is rare. Death may occur within a few days or the illness may become chronic, the animal being a possible source of infection to other pigs.
- Hog cholera occurs in Europe, Asia, Latin America, and Africa. The disease has been eradicated from the United States. In countries in which control has been established, the disease must be reported, infected animals are compulsorily slaughtered, and the premises of sick animals are quarantined. Control is mainly by vaccination.
3. [Not to be confused with:] swine flu. Also known as: hog flu, pig flu, swine influenza.
- swine flu, a respiratory disease of pigs that is caused by an influenza virus. The first flu virus isolated from pigs was influenza A H1N1 in 1930.
4. Animal Diseases; Veterinary Medicine; Pig Raising: classical swine fever, hog cholera, HC, swine cholera, swine plague.
- An acute, highly infectious, highly fatal virus disease of swine characterized by a sudden onset and light fever …
- swine fever: A generic term which encompasses the concepts of the African swine fever and classical swine fever.
- swine plague: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
S: 1. Etymonline – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=classical+swine+fever (last access: 19 October 2024). 2 & 3. EncBrit – https://www.britannica.com/science/hog-cholera (last access: 19 October 2024). 4. TERMIUM PLUS – https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=peste+porcine&index=alt&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs (last access: 19 October 2024).
SYN: hog cholera, swine fever.
S: EncBrit – https://www.britannica.com/science/hog-cholera (last access: 19 October 2024)
