GC: n

S: ScDir – https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0976566220303155 (last access: 3 December 2020); HD – https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spondylolisthesis (last access: 3 December 2020).

N: 1. It comes from the medical Latin and from the Greek spondylos “a vertebra” (in plural “the backbone” variant of sphondylos, of uncertain origin) + oliothesis “dislocation, slipping”.
2. Forward displacement of one vertebra over another, usually of the fifth lumbar over the body of the sacrum, or of the fourth lumbar over the fifth.
3. The complete type of spondylolisthesis in which the body of L5 lies in front of the sacrum is called spondyloptosis.
4. In spondylolisthesis, one of the vertebrae slips forward over the vertebra below it. This squashes the nerve that sits between the vertebrae. This can cause lower back pain, muscle tightness, weakness or stiffness in the legs, and tingling or numbness in the thigh or buttocks.

S: 1. OED – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=spondylolisthesis; https://www.etymonline.com/word/spondylo- (last access: 4 December 2020). 2&3. TERMIUM PLUS – (last access: 3 December 2020). 4. HD – https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spondylolisthesis (last access: 3 December 2020).

SYN:
S:

CR: osteoarthritis, trauma, tumor.