GC: n
S: UN – https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/commentaries/9_7_2001.pdf (last access: 3 July 2024); Illinois Courts – https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/resources/232dc2ac-5f47-4184-87b2-410a78bd7b75/file (last access: 3 July 2024).
N: 1. – ultrahazardous (adj): First Known Use: 1886. From the word-forming element “ultra-” [meaning “beyond” (ultraviolet) or “extremely” (ultramodern), from Latin ultra– from ultra (adv. and prep.) “beyond, on the other side, on the farther side, past, over, across,” from PIE *ol-tero-, suffixed form of root *al- “beyond”) and the adjective “hazardous” (1580s, “venturesome;” 1610s, “perilous,” from hazard (n.) + -ous or from French hasardeux (16c.)].
– activities (pln): activity. c. 1400, “active or secular life,” from Old French activité, from Medieval Latin activitatem (nominative activitas), a word in Scholastic philosophy, from Latin activus “active” (see active). The meaning “state of being active, briskness, liveliness” is recorded from 1520s; that of “capacity for acting on matter” is from 1540s. As “an educational exercise,” by 1923.
2. An action or process which is so inherently dangerous that the person or entity conducting the activity is “strictly liable” for any injury caused by the activity. Examples: working with high explosives or conducting a professional auto race on public streets.
3. An activity or process that presents an unavoidable risk of serious harm to the other people or others’ property, for which the actor may be held strictly liable for the harm, even if the actor has exercised reasonable care to prevent that harm. Also termed abnormally dangerous activity; extrahazardous activity.
4. According to the Restatement (Second) of Torts, § 520: “In determining whether an activity is abnormally dangerous, the following factors are to be considered: (a) existence of a high degree of risk of some harm to the person, land, or chattels of others; (b) likelihood that the harm that results from it will be great; (c) inability to eliminate the risk by the exercise of reasonable care; (d) extent to which the activity is not a matter of common usage; (e) inappropriateness of the activity to the place where it is carried on; and (f) extent to which its value to the community is outweighed by its dangerous attributes.”
S: 1. MW – https://www.merriam-webster.com/legal/ultrahazardous%20activity (last access: 3 July 2024); Etymonline – https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=ultra+hazardous, https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=activity (last access: 3 July 2024). 2. Law.com Dict – http://dictionary.law.com/Default.aspx?selected=2180 (last access: 2 September 2014). 3 & 4. LawCorn – http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/ultrahazardous_activity (last access: 2 September 2014).
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